Cell-free extracts from human fat tissue attenuate ischemic injury in cardiomyocytes in a murine model.

BACKGROUND: Ischemic heart disease ranks among the foremost contributors to mortality worldwide. Myocardial infarction injury poses a prevalent challenge in current therapies. Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation increases cytokine release, reduces myocardial cell necrosis, and improves left ventricular function; thus, it can be used to understand protective mechanisms. Fat extract (FE) derived from mesenchymal stem cell therapy contains high levels of paracrine factors. AIM: To study the effects of FE on myocardial injury and its mechanism of action. METHODS: A mouse model of myocardial infarction and a hypoxic model of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (CMs) were established to evaluate the effects of FE. RESULTS: FE exhibited an inhibitory effect on CM apoptosis and improved left ventricular function. This protective effect of FE on CMs was mediated, in part, by the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that FE could be a new treatment to protect CMs in ischemic heart disease.