Magnetic-Assisted Aptamer Selection and Isolation of Migrasomes for Application in Lung Adenocarcinoma Proteomic Analysis.

Migrasomes, newly discovered vesicular organelles, hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various diseases. However, the exploration of their clinical value remains hindered by the complexity of enriching and analyzing low concentrations of migrasomes in body fluids. To address this issue, a magnetic-assisted strategy was devised for screening aptamers specific to migrasomes, with the identified aptamer then being utilized for the specific isolation of migrasomes derived from clinical plasma. Initially, lipid-affinity magnetic nanoparticles were prepared and employed in a Magnetic-Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (Mag-SELEX) process to identify aptamers that specifically target migrasomes. An optimal aptamer, Apt_B3, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 251.9 nM, was successfully identified. This aptamer was subsequently utilized to construct the magnetic aptamer probe system, enabling the precise and rapid capture of migrasomes from plasma within 15 min. Our strategy exhibited exceptional separation efficiency, confirming its reliability and enhanced performance compared to traditional methods such as density gradient centrifugation. Clinical samples were then analyzed to validate the potential role of migrasome-derived tumor biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma. These findings underscore the promising applicability of our strategy for studying migrasomes in clinical disease diagnosis.