Integrated multi-omics profiling of plasma extracellular vesicles reveals the hsa-miR-1-3p-LRP1 axis as a potential biomarker in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignancy characterized by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, immune evasion and tumor microenvironment remodeling. Due to its high invasiveness and drug resistance, effective diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. The present study employed multi-omics analysis to explore the molecular characteristics of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in CC. EVs were isolated from the plasma of 3 patients with CC and 3 healthy controls via ultracentrifugation, and validated by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) sequencing identified 22 differentially expressed miRNAs, the target genes of which were enriched in HPV infection, p53, PI3K-Akt and Wnt signaling pathways. Proteomic analysis revealed 49 differentially expressed proteins associated with complement activation, cholesterol metabolism and coagulation. Integrated analysis highlighted key miRNA-protein interaction networks, identifying hsa-miR-1-3p and LRP1 as potential diagnostic biomarkers, and their differential expression was further confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. These findings provide novel insights into the role of EVs in CC pathogenesis and offer promising potential targets for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.