Abstract
INTRODUCTION: It is a well-known fact that anti-tumor immunity is a crucial long-term survival factor in cancer. Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) dendritic cell vaccine therapy (WT1-DC) is an immuno-cell therapy that has been implemented against various cancers as a tumor-specific immunotherapy targeting the common cancer antigen WT1. METHODS: Seven doses of WT1-DC vaccine were administered to six patients, three of whom had stage IV lung cancer with metastases and the other three had stage IV pancreatic cancer with metastases, all of whom were receiving chemotherapy and had similar physical conditions. Their immune response was assessed using delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and immune profile status (IPS) such as blood neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N/L) ratio. RESULTS: In lung cancer, DTH increased with repeated DC administration, and IPS improved with it, whereas in pancreatic cancer, DTH did not increase, and IPS worsened from the fifth inoculation. Fever in the 37° range was observed after DC administration in lung cancer, but not in pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that DTH and IPS are correlated in dynamics and that DTH is a good indicator of the state of anti-tumor immunity. Since IPS is a prognostic factor in advanced cancer, the magnitude of DTH due to WT1-DC inoculation is a useful indicator to estimate the patient's prognosis. Although DTH is an extremely simple test, its clinical significance has not been fully investigated. The present study demonstrates the importance of DTH in cancer treatment with WT1-DC.