Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Rehabilitation is essential for supporting the recovery from, and management of, a range of health conditions. However, interventions are often poorly reported in rehabilitation research, hindering advancement of the field. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was developed to enhance the reporting of interventions, but does not specifically address the complexities and multifaceted nature of rehabilitation interventions. This study aimed to develop an extension of the TIDieR checklist to support better reporting of rehabilitation interventions. DESIGN: A modified Delphi study overseen by a Steering Committee. SETTING: Online. PARTICIPANTS: Rehabilitation experts were purposively sampled for diversity in discipline, practice setting, area of expertise and geographical location. METHODS: Participants (n=35) provided both quantitative and qualitative feedback on drafts of the TIDieR-Rehab through online surveys. Quantitative data was descriptively analysed by percentage of agreement, while qualitative data was analysed using conventional content analysis. Quantitative and qualitative findings were subsequently triangulated to facilitate iterative refinement of the TIDieR-Rehab. RESULTS: Consensus was achieved after two rounds of the modified Delphi process. The TIDieR-Rehab checklist comprises seven original, three adapted and 12 new reporting items, and is supported by a supplementary manual. Specific enhancements include more detailed descriptions of the study population (Who) and timing of the intervention (When), the planned intervention dosage (How much, How challenging and Regression/Progression), person-centred care (Personalisation) and negative undesired effects (Harms) which were considered critical for the comprehensive reporting of rehabilitation interventions. CONCLUSION: The TIDieR-Rehab checklist marks a significant advancement in enhancing and standardising the reporting of rehabilitation interventions. By offering a structured format for detailing complex rehabilitation interventions, the TIDieR-Rehab supports improvements in reporting quality to promote research replication and support the translation of research findings into clinical practice. Future research should validate the TIDieR-Rehab checklist across a variety of intervention types and clinical contexts.