Abstract
Four new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Lyomyces bambusinus, L. cremeus, L. macrosporus and L. wuliangshanensis, are proposed based on a combination of morphological and molecular evidence. Lyomyces bambusinus is characterized by resupinate basidiomata with colliculose to tuberculate hymenial surface and broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, slightly thick-walled, smooth basidiospores. Lyomyces cremeus is characterised by resupinate basidiomata with smooth, cream hymenial surface and ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled to slightly thick-walled basidiospores. Lyomyces macrosporus is characterized by pruinose basidiomata with reticulate hymenial surface, presence of three kinds of cystidia and larger basidiospores (6.7-8.9 × 4.4-5.4 µm). Lyomyces wuliangshanensis is characterized by coriaceous basidiomata and ellipsoid, hyaline, slightly thick-walled, smooth basidiospores. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences revealed that the four new species belonged to Lyomyces. Lyomyces bambusinus grouped with L. sambuci. Lyomyces cremeus clade was sister to a clade comprised of L. microfasciculatus. Lyomyces macrosporus was sister to L. allantosporus. Lyomyces wuliangshanensis was closely related to L. mascarensis.