Objective
To assess the predictive value of endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) concentrations in follicular fluid (FF) and serum for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Design: Retrospective, case-control study. Setting: University hospital, IVF center. Patient(s): Seventeen women with OHSS and 61 controls. Intervention(s): None. Main outcome measure(s): FF and serum EG-VEGF and VEGF concentrations, IVF outcome. Result(s): FF and serum EG-VEGF concentrations showed a significant negative correlation with serum E(2) concentration on the day of hCG administration. FF, but not serum, VEGF concentrations also showed a significant negative correlation with serum E(2) concentrations on hCG day. The FF EG-VEGF, FF VEGF, and serum EG-VEFG concentrations were significantly lower in the OHSS group than in the non-OHSS group. There was no significant difference in serum VEGF concentrations. Among FF and serum EG-VEGF and VEGF concentrations, only FF EG-VEGF concentrations were significantly lower in patients with moderate OHSS than in those with mild OHSS.