Abstract
BACKGROUND: Micro RNAs act as a regulatory layer for pharmacogenomics-related gene ex-pression. It could play a role in the efficacy and toxicity of the drug. The SNPs in miRNA genes are linked with different functional consequences. METHODS: Hence, we examined the miR (146a G/C, 149C/T, and 196aC/T) polymorphisms in 34 pa-tients with hepatotoxicity, 123 patients without hepatotoxicity, and 155 healthy controls using a PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: In patients with hepatotoxicity, miR196aCT genotype and combined genotype GCT showed a risk for hepatotoxicity severity with borderline significance (OR=2.08, P=0.07; OR=2.88, P=0.06). While comparing between patients with hepatotoxicity and healthy controls, the combined genotypes CCC and GCT have shown a susceptibility to hepatotoxicity severity (OR=2.89, P=0.05; OR=2.60, P=0.09). The miR196TT genotype was associated with the individuals of advanced HIV disease stage (OR=3.68, P=0.04). In HIV patients who consumed alcohol and did not have hepatotoxicity, the miR 196aCT genotype showed susceptibility to acquisition of hepatotoxicity with borderline significance (OR=2.36, P=0.06). DISCUSSION: The miR149TT and 196aTT genotypes showed a risk of acquisition of hepatotoxicity to nevirapine usage among HIV patients without hepatotoxicity (OR=4.19, P=0.07; OR=1.97, P=0.84). In HIV patients with and without hepatotoxicity, the miR 196aCT genotype showed a risk of acquisition of hepatotoxicity and its severity to the combined use of alcohol and nevirapine, respectively (OR=14.18, P=0.08; OR=2.29, P=0.08). In multivariate logistic regression, taking nevirapine, 196aCT genotype had an independent risk factor for hepatotoxicity severity (OR=5.98, P=0.005; OR=2.38, P=0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, miR196aC/T polymorphism and combined genotypes GCT and CCC may facilitate the risk for acquisition of hepatotoxicity and its severity.