Abstract
BACKGROUND: The design and implementation of sound occupational health and safety (OHS) programmes require understanding of the main issues that need attention. This article highlights key issues regarding the (i) organisation of OHS services in southern Africa, (ii) role of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in the provision of OHS services and (iii) implementation of policies in general. METHODS: Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, ILO conventions and policies were identified and discussed. RESULTS: Inadequacies that exist on the organisation of OHS services in southern Africa include (i) lack of some critical categories of OHS practitioners, (ii) no emphasis on the surveillance of the work environment (iii) disregard of the worker's right to refuse to work in unsafe work environments and (iv)non-coverage of some sectors of the economy. Further research is needed to identify additional efforts that the ILO requires to effectively discharge its OHS promotion mandate. CONCLUSION: Responsible authorities need to attend to the shortcomings of the national OSH laws and intergovernmental pacts.