Abstract
Responding produced food according to a fixed-ratio schedule while the prevailing key-color alternated between red and blue. Stimulus durations were varied until a period was found that maintained equal rates of responding in the presence of both colors. Then, food presentation was discontinued in the presence of one stimulus and made dependent on not responding in the presence of the other. Food presentation dependent on not responding reduced the rate of responding faster than did extinction. Spontaneous recovery occurred only during the stimulus correlated with extinction.