Abstract
The civil research community has been attracted to self-healing bacterial-based concrete as a potential solution in the economy 4.0 era. This concept provides more sustainable material with a longer lifetime due to the reduction of crack appearance and the need for anthropogenic impact. Regardless of the achievements in this field, the gap in the understanding of the importance of the bacterial role in self-healing concrete remains. Therefore, understanding the bacterial life cycle in the self-healing effect of cement-based materials and selecting the most important relationship between bacterial contribution, self-healing effect, and material characteristics through the process of microbiologically (bacterially) induced carbonate precipitation is just the initial phase for potential applications in real environmental conditions. The concept of this study offers the possibility to recognize the importance of the bacterial life cycle in terms of application in extreme conditions of cement-based materials and maintaining bacterial roles during the self-healing effect.