Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The occurrence of an internal hernia beneath the external iliac artery is rare but may occur after pelvic lymphadenectomy. The challenging treatment of this rare condition should be tailored to the patient's clinical and anatomical characteristics. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 77-year-old woman with previous history of laparoscopic hysterectomy and adnexectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer. The patient was admitted in the emergency department because of severe abdominal pain and a computed tomography scan showed signs of internal hernia. The laparoscopy confirmed such a finding below the right external iliac artery. A small bowel resection was deemed necessary and the defect was closed with an absorbable mesh. The post-operative course was uneventful. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Internal hernia beneath the iliac artery is a rare condition after pelvic lymphadenectomy. The first challenge is the hernia reduction, which can be safely carried out laparoscopically. Secondly, a patch or a mesh should be used to close the defect if a primary peritoneal suture is not feasible, but it requires to be fixed in the small pelvis. The use of absorbable material is a valuable option and should leave a fibrotic area that covers the hernia defect. CONCLUSION: A strangulated internal hernia beneath the external iliac artery is a possible complication after extensive pelvic lymph node dissection. The laparoscopic approach to treat bowel ischemia and to close the peritoneal defect with a mesh, should reduce as much as possible the risk of internal hernia recurrence.