Abstract
Polycythemia vera (PV) is one of the rare causes of cerebrovascular disease, whose common manifestations in the nervous system are cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack. A number of cases of PV patients with bleeding complicated with subdural hemorrhage or cerebral hemorrhage have been previously reported. However, sometimes PV patient with complicated cerebral hemorrhage and lower extremity venous thrombosis have been admitted to the People's Hospital of Liaoning Province. The present case study reports on a patient with acute multiple cerebral infarction with cerebral micro-hemorrhage associated with PV, who was not treated with anti-thrombosis treatment. After bloodletting treatment and hydroxyurea treatment, the patients condition was stable and they were discharged. A possible mechanism of infarction is that PV may cause abnormal proliferation of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in the circulation, resulting in an increase of blood viscosity and reduction of blood flow velocity. Platelet deficiency may cause abnormal blood coagulation function, which may be the reason for the blood and thrombotic diseases in patients with PV.