Abstract
At present, it has been scientifically proven that Helicobacter pylori is associated with gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Based to many studies, probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces, potentially are enable to reduce the severe clinical outcomes of gastrointestinal infections of this bacterium. Accordingly, the efficacy of Lactobacillus-containing bismuth quadruple therapy was measured by odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Overall, our statistical analysis results showed that Lactobacillus-containing bismuth quadruple therapy as rescue regimen, could have grater therapeutic effects during the treatment and eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection than non-probiotic treatment regimens in cases of treatment failure.