Abstract
There have been several major advances in therapeutic options for the treatment of neurological infections over the past two decades. These advances encompass both the development of new antimicrobial therapies and the repurposing of existing agents for new indications. In addition, advances in our understanding of the host immune response have allowed for the development of new immunomodulatory strategies in the treatment of neurological infections. This review focuses on the key advances in the treatment of neurological infections, including viral, bacterial, fungal, and prion diseases, with a particular focus on immunomodulatory treatment options. This review also highlights the process by which clinicians can request access to therapeutic agents on a compassionate or emergency basis when they may not be commercially available. While many therapeutic advances have been achieved in the past several years, there remains a pressing need for the continued development of additional therapeutic agents in the treatment of neurological infections.