Abstract
The activated sludge process of the anaerobic/oxic (A/O) process has a good denitrification performance because it can make full use of the carbon source in the original sewage, and the denitrification can provide alkalinity for aerobic nitrification. The traditional constructed soil rapid infiltration (CSRI) system, on the other hand, has a poor nitrogen removal effect. Dividing the traditional CSRI system into two sections, one performs denitrification as an anoxic section, while the other performs nitrification as an aerobic section and is placed after the anoxic section. The nitrification liquid of the effluent from the aerobic section is mixed with the original wastewater and enters the anoxic section for denitrification. We expected that this would be improved by combining CSRI with a pre-denitrification step that would make full use of the carbon source in the original sewage. In a small-scale experimental model, the removal efficiencies of nitrogen, in the form of ammonium, nitrate, and total nitrogen (TN), as well as chemical oxygen demand (COD), were determined. The hydraulic load was varied, while the backflow reflux capacity was kept constant, to determine the effect on the pre-denitrification process. An average removal rate of 95.4% for NH₄⁺-N and 96% for COD could be obtained when a hydraulic load of 80 cm³(cm²·d)(-1) and a reflux ratio of 75% were applied. Under these conditions, the average removal rate of TN was 77.4%, which is much higher than what can be typically achieved with conventional CSRI systems.