Abstract
Less invasive approaches continue to be explored and refined for diseases of the colon and rectum. The current gold standard for the surgical treatment of rectal cancer, total mesorectal excision (TME), is a technically precise yet demanding procedure with outcomes measured by both oncologic and functional outcomes (including bowel, urinary, and sexual). To date, the minimally invasive approach to rectal cancer has not yet been perfected, leaving ample opportunity for rectal surgeons to innovate. Transanal TME has recently emerged as a safe and effective technique for both benign and malignant diseases of the rectum. While widespread acceptance of this surgical approach remains tempered at this time due to lack of long-term oncologic outcome data, short-term outcomes are promising and there is great excitement surrounding the promise of this technique.