Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified two host single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the IL28B gene (rs12979860 C/T and rs8099917 T/G) that are associated with sustained virological response in patients infected with the hepatitis C virus. Herein, we describe a rapid multiplexed dual-color fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probe assay that accurately genotypes for both SNPs simultaneously. A single-nucleotide extension assay was also developed for verification of genotypes. Agreement (100%) was observed in genotype calls between the FRET and single-nucleotide extension methods for both SNPs, yielding 100% analytical sensitivity and specificity. By using the FRET assay, 443 samples of varying ethnic backgrounds were genotyped and six different compound genotypes (rs12979860/rs8099917) were detected in whites, Asians, Middle Easterners, Hispanics, and African Americans, at the following frequencies: CC/TT (39.2%, 78.9%, 40.0%, 33.9%, and 16.8%), CT/TT (20.8%, 0%, 40%, 9.3%, and 37.0%), TT/TT (2.4%, 0%, 0%, 3.4%, and 35.3%), CT/TG (24.0%, 19.7%, 20%, 39.8%, and 3.4%), TT/TG (8.0%, 1.4%, 0%, 3.4%, and 5.9%), and TT/GG (5.6%, 0%, 0%, 10.2%, and 1.7%), respectively. The multiplexed FRET assay can be used to effectively genotype for both SNPs in a single tube, with high analytical sensitivity and specificity.