Abstract
The optimal clinical outcomes are the original intention and base to form the short-term, long-term and special goals of antiviral treatment in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The immediate indicators for assessment of antiviral clinical outcomes, which usually need prolonged follow-up, include the liver histopathological changes, the occurrence and severity of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mortality and survival rates, survival time and life quality, prevention rates of Mother-to-Child Transmission and HBV reinfection after liver transplantation, etc.