Total synthesis of (+)-psymberin (irciniastatin A): catalytic reagent control as the strategic cornerstone

An effective total synthesis of the marine sponge cytotoxin (+)-psymberin [irciniastatin A (1)] has been achieved. Highlights of the strategy include a Diels-Alder reaction between a bis-siloxy diene and an allene to construct the aromatic ring, a boron-mediated aldol reaction to elaborate the C(15-17) all syn stereotriad, catalytic reagent control to set the C(8, 9, 11 and 13) stereogenic centers of the tetrahydropyran core, and a late-stage Curtius rearrangement to install the sensitive N,O-aminal moiety. The synthesis proceeds with a longest linear sequence of 21 steps from commercially available 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol.