Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries can be devastating. Although neuropraxic and some axonotmesis injuries will recover spontaneously, nerve repair or reconstruction is required to restore function in high-grade axonotmesis or neurotmesis injuries. The first step of nerve repair or reconstruction is adequate nerve debridement with removal of necrotic and fibrous tissues. Debridement decreases neuroma formation at the repair site and produces an optimal surface for axonal regeneration. This article discusses nerve debridement, including the goals of debridement, debridement techniques, and signs of adequate nerve debridement before repair.