Abstract
The discovery of new and efficient genetic engineering technologies for Agrobacterium will broaden the capacity for fundamental research on this genus and its utilization as a transgenic vehicle. In this study, we aim to develop an efficient recombineering system for Agrobacterium species. We examined isolates of Agrobacterium and the closely related genus Rhizobium to identify pairs of ET-like recombinases that would aid in the recombineering of Agrobacterium species. Four pairs of ET-like recombinases, named RecETh1h2h3h4AGROB6, RecETh1h2P3RHI597, RecETRHI145, and RecEThRHI483, were identified in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain B6, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii WSM597, Rhizobium sp. strain LC145, and Rhizobium sp. strain Root483D2, respectively. Eight more candidate recombineering systems were generated by combining the new ET-like recombinases with Redγ or Pluγ. The PluγETRHI145 system, the RecETh1h2h3h4AGROB6 system, and the PluγEThRHI483 system were determined to be the most efficient recombineering systems for the type strains A. tumefaciens C58, A. tumefaciens EHA105, and Rhizobium rhizogenes NBRC 13257, respectively. The utility of these systems was demonstrated by knocking out the istB-istA fusion gene in C58, the celI gene in EHA105, and the 3'-to-5' exonuclease gene and endoglucanase gene in NBRC 13257. Our work provides an effective genetic manipulation strategy for Agrobacterium species. IMPORTANCEAgrobacterium is a powerful transgenic vehicle for the genetic manipulation of numerous plant and fungal species and even animal cells. In addition to improving the utility of Agrobacterium as a transgenic vehicle, genetic engineering tools are important for revealing crucial components that are functionally involved in transfer DNA (T-DNA) translocation events. This work developed an efficient and versatile recombineering system for Agrobacterium. The successful genome modification of Agrobacterium strains revealed that this new recombineering system could be used for the genetic engineering of Agrobacterium.