Abstract
Although direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) do not require dose-adjustment on the basis of laboratory test results, the measurement of their anticoagulant effect is useful in special situations. This position paper issued by the Italian Scientific Societies that are mainly involved in the management of patients on DOAC is aimed at providing guidance to care-givers on which tests should be used and the situations in which testing is useful. The guidance is based on the data from the literature so far available and/or on consensus among experts.