Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its frequent coexistence with cardiovascular diseases significantly increases the risk of exacerbations, hospital readmissions, and mortality. However, current care approaches are often fragmented, hindering comprehensive management for these complex patients. A group of experts from the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery and the Spanish Society of Cardiology have collaboratively developed a document outlining a theoretical framework for the implementation of cardiopulmonary units as an innovative model to provide more coordinated care for these patients. This framework establishes a structured care model with 2 levels, adaptable to the resources available at each centre, detailing key aspects such as organization, diagnostic and therapeutic functions, and quality parameters necessary for proper operation. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, individualized treatment plans, and the application of evidence-based interventions. The definition of this theoretical basis aims to establish a coordinated framework for managing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular diseases, optimizing available healthcare resources, and improving health outcomes.