Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with high frequency of obstetric complications, such as gestosis, polyhydramnios, urogenital infection, premature birth. An increase in the number of cases of detection of GDM in pregnant women living in Kazakhstan is noted recently. OBJECTIVE: This research was carried out in order to see the influence of GDM on the course of the third trimester of pregnancy, outcomes and fetal status in women of Kazakh ethnic group. RESEARCH DESIGN: Cohort observational study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The main group of research consisted of 61 pregnant women with GDM (Mean(age)= 32.8±6.314), the control group included 39 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (Mean(age)=30±5.432 years). The pregnant women in both groups were examined by calculation of body mass index (BMI), determination of fasting plasma glucose and the system of hemostasis. Also, the fetal ultrasound was implemented and the uterine-placental, fetal-placental blood flow were evaluated using the Doppler mode. RESULTS: In the main group initial BMI was equal to Mean=31.1±7.433 kg/m(2); we revealed manifestation of gestational hypertension in 36.1%, 95%CI (2.52, 48.6); preeclampsia was diagnosed in 14.8% (95%CI (8; 25.7); the disorders of uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood flow recorded significantly more frequently in main group RR=6.393, 95%CI (1.581-25.840), like the diabetic fetopathy RR=5.115, 95%CI (1.240-21.033). The premature delivery, the prevalence of induction of delivery and intranatal trauma were significantly more frequent in women with GDM. CONCLUSIONS: GDM significantly worsens course of gestation.