The entry of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) into host cells is a multifaceted process involving viral adsorption, interaction of viral glycoproteins with cellular receptors, and utilization of various invasion pathways. Despite these complexities, our understanding of potential common pathways facilitating RSV entry remains limited. In this study, we demonstrate that endocytosis via cholesterol-rich lipid rafts is a common mechanism utilized by various RSV genotypes in different cell types. Specifically, RSV strains A2, B18537, and the currently epidemic ON1 strains all employ this mechanism to gain entry into human cell lines, including HEp-2, A549, and primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Cellular receptors binding to viral fusion glycoprotein were recruited to cholesterol-rich lipid rafts, leading to actin rearrangement and endosome formation, which facilitated viral entry. Furthermore, reducing cholesterol levels using methyl-β-cyclodextrin, simvastatin, or terbinafine inhibited RSV infection. Notably, combining simvastatin with an RSV fusion protein inhibitor (AK0529) resulted in enhanced antiviral effects both in vitro and in vivo. These findings expand our understanding of viral-host interaction and provide a novel therapeutic strategy for treating RSV infection.IMPORTANCERespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important human pathogen that causes severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children. RSV entry host cells involve generally different invasion pathways and are multistep processes. However, our understanding of the associated common pathways for viral entry remains limited. Our study uncovers a pivotal role for cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in facilitating RSV entry across diverse host cells, a finding that advances our understanding of viral-host interactions and paves the way for novel antiviral strategies. By meticulously examining various RSV genotypes, we revealed shared mechanisms underlying viral entry, highlighting the significance of cholesterol regulation and its impact on infection inhibition. Our findings also demonstrate enhanced antiviral efficacy through a combined approach targeting both viral entry and cholesterol metabolism.
Cholesterol-rich lipid rafts mediate endocytosis as a common pathway for respiratory syncytial virus entry into different host cells.
阅读:2
作者:Zhou Anqi, Xue Bao, Zhong Jiayi, Liu Junjun, Peng Ran, Wang Fan, Zhou Yuan, Tang Jielin, Yang Qi, Chen Xinwen
期刊: | Microbiology Spectrum | 影响因子: | 3.800 |
时间: | 2025 | 起止号: | 2025 Sep 2; 13(9):e0119225 |
doi: | 10.1128/spectrum.01192-25 |
特别声明
1、本文转载旨在传播信息,不代表本网站观点,亦不对其内容的真实性承担责任。
2、其他媒体、网站或个人若从本网站转载使用,必须保留本网站注明的“来源”,并自行承担包括版权在内的相关法律责任。
3、如作者不希望本文被转载,或需洽谈转载稿费等事宜,请及时与本网站联系。
4、此外,如需投稿,也可通过邮箱info@biocloudy.com与我们取得联系。