The ideal wound-healing scaffold should provide the appropriate physical and mechanical properties to prevent secondary infection, as well as an excellent physiological environment to facilitate cell adhesion, proliferation and/or differentiation. Therefore, we developed a synthetic cell-adhesive polypeptide hydrogel with inherent antibacterial activity. A series of polypeptides, poly(Lys)(x)(Ala)(y) (x+y=100), with varied hydrophobicity via metal-free ring-opening polymerization of NCA-Lys(Boc) and NCA-Ala monomers (NCA=N-carboxylic anhydride) mediated by hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) were synthesized. These polypeptides were cross-linked with 6-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG)-amide succinimidyl glutarate (ASG) (M(w)=10K) to form hydrogels with a gelation time of five minutes and a storage modulus (G') of 1400-3000 Pa as characterized by rheometry. The hydrogel formed by cross-linking of poly(Lys)(60)(Ala)(40) (5 wt.%) and 6-arm PEG-ASG (16 wt.%) (Gel-III) exhibited cell adhesion and cell proliferation activities superior to other polypeptide hydrogels. In addition, Gel-III displays significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli JM109 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923. Thus, we have developed a novel, cell-adhesive hydrogel with inherent antibacterial activity as a potential scaffold for cutaneous wound healing.