Direct glycosylation analysis of intact monoclonal antibodies combining ESI MS of glycoforms and MALDI-in source decay MS of glycan fragments

结合糖基形式的 ESI MS 和糖基片段的 MALDI-in 源衰减 MS,对完整单克隆抗体进行直接糖基化分析

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作者:Isabella Senini, Sara Tengattini, Francesca Rinaldi, Gabriella Massolini, Christoph Gstöttner, Dietmar Reusch, Marcello Donini, Carla Marusic, Peter A van Veelen, Elena Domínguez-Vega, Manfred Wuhrer, Caterina Temporini, Simone Nicolardi

Abstract

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) glycoengineering has the potential to improve the efficacy of biopharmaceuticals by fine-tuning specific biological properties. Glycosylation analysis is key to monitoring the glycoengineering process. Various mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods are available to characterize mAb glycosylation at different structural levels, but comprehensive analysis is typically time-consuming and costly. Here, we present an approach that combines conventional intact mass measurement of glycoforms by direct infusion ESI-MS with an advanced MALDI-in-source decay FT-ICR MS method for direct analysis of glycans in intact mAbs, without the need for enzymatic release and separation. Using a sodium-doped MALDI matrix, glycans were directly released as ISD fragment ions from the intact mAbs during the ionization process. Measurement of 0,2A fragment signals yielded reproducible glycan profiles that were consistent with conventional methods, yet was achieved with unprecedented speed, providing complementary information to that obtained through intact mass measurement. The methods were applied to standard and glycoengineered trastuzumab and rituximab, allowing rapid glycosylation profiling and structural analysis of glycans by tandem MS of selected ISD fragment ions. This fast approach can facilitate the early-phase development of glycoengineering processes by constraining further in-depth analyses. We envision a broader applicability in studies focused on glycosylation changes in mAbs.

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