Universal protection of allogeneic T-cell therapies from natural killer cells via CD300a agonism

通过 CD300a 激动剂对同种异体 T 细胞疗法提供针对自然杀伤细胞的普遍保护

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作者:Shu-Qi Zhang, Faith Thomas, Justin Fang, Kathryn Austgen, Chad Cowan, G Grant Welstead

Abstract

Immunogenicity limits the persistence of off-the-shelf allogeneic cell therapies and transplants. Although ablation of HLA removes most T cell and humoral alloreactivity, no solution has enabled universal protection against the resulting natural killer (NK) cell response. Here, we engineered trans-antigen signaling receptors (TASRs) as a new class of NK inhibitory ligands and discovered CD300a, a previously inaccessible receptor, as a functional target. CD300a TASR outperformed leading alternative strategies in focused screens, including CD47 and HLA-E, and was solely capable of universally protecting allogeneic T cells against a large human cohort (45/45 donors), spanning diverse demographics and NK cell phenotypes. A model allogeneic T-cell therapy coexpressing an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor and CD300a TASR, produced using multiplexed nonviral integration, exhibited enhanced B-cell killing potency under allogeneic immune pressure. CD300 TASR represents a universal solution to NK alloreactivity, broadening the population that could be effectively treated by next-generation allogeneic cell therapies.

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