Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated encephalitis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a case report and retrospective case reviews

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 感染后髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关性脑炎:病例报告和回顾性病例综述

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作者:Yoonkyung Lee, Seon-Jae Ahn, Han-Sang Lee, Yongmoo Kim, Seolah Lee, Hyeyoung Park, Jangsup Moon, Sang Kun Lee, Kon Chu

Abstract

Several cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated encephalitis have been reported after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this case, the patient presented with focal status epilepticus with impaired awareness, auditory hallucinations, and incoherent speech after COVID-19. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed no specific findings. Cerebrospinal fluid results showed pleocytosis and MOG antibody testing confirmed anti-MOG antibody with live cell-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting assay. The patient was diagnosed with MOG antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis and treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab, and tocilizumab. This case occurred presumably due to auto-antibody production following COVID-19.

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