Associations Between Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Young Adults.

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) impacts 50% of U.S. adults although few studies evaluate young adults' cardiovascular disease risk. Early identification of cardiovascular disease risk may mitigate increased adulthood incidence. We analyzed (CVD) risk factors and their association with cardiovascular fitness ( V˙ o(2)max) to devise effective strategies to improve cardiovascular health across the lifespan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study evaluated the effect of a single bout of aerobic exercise on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults aged 18 to 36 years. Glycemic control (HbA(1C)), cardiovascular fitness ( V˙ o(2)max), percent body fat, lean body mass, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed using correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Statistically significant relationships were observed between percent body fat (r = .83, P < .001) and BMI, and waist circumference (r = .83, P < .001) and BMI. Percent body fat (P < .001) and race (P = .018) predicted exercise time, with Asians exercising the longest. Percent fat (P < .001) and HbA(1C) (P = .039) were identified as predictors of cardiovascular fitness which was low in spite of primarily normal average HbA(1C) levels. CONCLUSIONS: HbA(1C) and body fat negatively influence cardiovascular fitness ( V˙ o(2)max) in young adults increasing adulthood cardiovascular disease risk. Research investigating the effect of HbA(1C) on cardiovascular health especially in youth is warranted.