The Efficiency of the Krebs Cycle and the Respiratory Chain in Physiologically and Prematurely Aging Bees (Apis mellifera).

The process of aging in organisms is associated with progressive metabolic changes that affect energy production. In our study, we compared the activities/concentrations of components related to the Krebs cycle and the respiratory chain (such as acetyl-CoA, IDH, AKG, succinate, fumarate, NADH(2), UQCR, COX and ATP) in the hemolymph and fat body segments (tergites 3 and 5, sternite) in naturally and prematurely (affected by V. destructor) aging workers. Tergite 3 showed the highest metabolic activity, indicating its key role in energy storage and production. In naturally aging workers, the concentrations/activities of the tested components were higher in all the segments of the fat body and all the age groups when compared to the prematurely aging workers. The concentrations/activities of these components increased with age, usually reaching the maximum at 28 days of age in the fat body segments of naturally aging workers, and then decreasing in the oldest ones (at 35 days of age). An analysis of changes in the metabolic processes can provide a lot of important information on the mechanisms of aging. In the future, such studies can contribute to the development of effective strategies to delay the aging processes and improve the overall condition of bee colonies.