Increased and synergistic RNAi delivery using MOF polydopamine nanoparticles for biopesticide applications.

RNA interference is an eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides, yet its efficacy in lepidopterans like Spodoptera frugiperda (S. frugiperda) is limited by poor uptake. Here, we report on ZIF-8 polydopamine nanoparticles that protect dsRNA against enzymatic degradation and active the endocytic/phagosome pathways for increased uptake. Furthermore, the uptake of nano-enabled dsRNA induces the overgrowth of Serratia marcescens, this reduces the S. frugiperda reactive oxygen species (ROS) immune response, increasing the effects of plant's natural defenses, further inhibiting Enteroccous mundtii growth. This work shows the synergistic potential of nanoparticles for influencing the gut bacteria to prevent resistance mechanisms and for RNAi delivery for pest management.