First isolation and phylogenetic analysis of Parainfluenza Virus 5 from Geese.

Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) is globally distributed and infects various mammalian species. In 2024, the PIV5 strain YN01 was isolated from tissue samples of geese, marking the first isolation from avian species. Genetic analysis placed YN01 in group B (mainly domesticated animals, wildlife, and insect-derived PIV5 strains), closely related to the SH-122, HuB-YC, JX-1221, HLJ-DP2-1, and HLJ-DP1-1 strains isolated from swine in China. Amino acid sequence comparison showed a 99.8 % identity between YN01 and these five strains. The genetic similarity of PIV5 strains in geese to those in pigs and other animals underscores the potential for cross-species transmission, highlighting the need for enhanced PIV5 surveillance in the future.