Model description of combined numerical and stochastic groundwater flow in Bandung-Soreang Groundwater Basin, West Java, Indonesia.

The first groundwater modeling of the Bandung Aquifer Basin in 2009 used a finite difference method with a 0.5 km² grid, representing three volcanic geological layers. It assumed uniform hydraulic properties and used an equivalent homogeneous aquifer with anisotropic hydraulic conductivity.•Dataset: The study analyzed a comprehensive dataset of 196 boreholes. Of these, 130 boreholes had pumping test data, while the remaining 66 had both pumping test and well logging data. This diverse dataset provided a robust foundation for the analysis. Hydraulic conductivity (K) was estimated using the ordinary kriging method, a geostatistical technique that allows for optimal interpolation based on regression against observed values of surrounding data points.•Analyses: This study examines K distribution using a block model, employing finite difference modeling with an structured grid 0.1 km². Regionalized variable scenarios were applied to reduce estimation errors for certain areas, showing improved correlation.•Expected output: Results include: (1) Distribution maps of hydraulic conductivity; (2) Validation metrics and visualization comparing modeled to observed data; (3) Assessments of heterogeneous K values' impact on groundwater flow; (4) Recommendations for sustainable groundwater management practices.