Integration of cytogenetic and genetic linkage maps unveils the physical architecture of tomato chromosome 2.

We report the integration of the linkage map of tomato chromosome 2 with a high-density bacterial artificial chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (BAC-FISH)-based cytogenetic map. The euchromatic block of chromosome 2 resides between 13 and 142 cM and has a physical length of 48.12 microm, with 1 microm equivalent to 540 kb. BAC-FISH resolved a pair of loci that were 3.7-3.9 Mb apart and were not resolved on the linkage map. Most of the regions had crossover densities close to the mean of approximately 200 kb/cM. Relatively hot and cold spots of recombination were unevenly distributed along the chromosome. The distribution of centimorgan/micrometer values was similar to the previously reported recombination nodule distribution along the pachytene chromosome. FISH-based physical maps will play an important role in advanced genomics research for tomato, including map-based cloning of agronomically important traits and whole-genome sequencing.