Proteoform profiling of endogenous single cells from rat hippocampus at scale.

We perform intact proteoform profiling of 10,809 endogenous single cells from the rat hippocampus using single-cell proteoform imaging mass spectrometry (scPiMS). scPiMS directly extracts whole proteins and demonstrates high throughput for MS-based single-cell proteomics compared with existing approaches. We develop an informatics workflow dedicated to this datatype and use it to assign neurons, astrocytes or microglia cell types according to their proteoform signatures.