Advanced workflow for time-lapse seismic monitoring of [Formula: see text] storage in saline aquifers with its application in a field basin.

Accurately characterizing [Formula: see text] sequestration and migration post-injection is crucial to the success of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. Time-lapse seismic monitoring technique is an effective tool; however, it can only reveal changes in elastic properties such as compressional wave velocity ([Formula: see text]) and quality factor ([Formula: see text]). In contrast, reservoir simulation enables detailed tracking of fluid movement within the reservoir, allowing for precise simulation of [Formula: see text] saturation. Thus, to enable a more accurate characterization of [Formula: see text] migration, we develop an integrated workflow that closes the loop between reservoir saturation data and time-lapse seismic data, which operate at different resolution scales. First, we build a realistic geological model for [Formula: see text] storage based on the field information from typical saline aquifers in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB). Then, using rock physics theory, we establish relationships between [Formula: see text] saturation and seismic properties ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) to construct seismic models. Subsequently, we employ time-lapse seismic techniques to analyze the effects of [Formula: see text] saturation changes on seismic data and quantitatively estimate these effects using the spectral-ratio method. Finally, the workflow developed in this study efficiently addresses challenges associated with varying observational scales and interdisciplinary research. It offers a valuable approach for predicting and detecting early [Formula: see text] leakage based on known reservoir properties. This dataset will be available as an open-access resource, providing a valuable tool for testing and advancing research in the CCS field.