Genome Analysis and In Vitro Assay of Probiotic Properties of Bacillus paranthracis YC03 with Urate-Lowering Potential.

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder owing to the underexcretion and/or overproduction of uric acid (UA). Recent studies have shown that probiotics have many potential applications as functional foods to ameliorate hyperuricemia. In this study, we have successfully isolated Bacillus paranthracis YC03 with urate-lowering potential from Jiangshui. The in vitro results indicated that YC03 exhibited strong biodegradation capacities toward UA and its precursors (inosine and guanosine). Meanwhile, the cell-free extracts of YC03 were also found to catalyze and remove inosine and guanosine. To further explore the application potential of this strain in developing functional foods, we evaluated its probiotic properties through in vitro assays and whole genome analysis. B. paranthracis YC03 has excellent abilities, with tolerance to acid and bile salt and good adhesion. In addition, hemolytic assays, along with antibiotic resistance and biogenic amine production tests, have also preliminarily confirmed the safety of using YC03 in food. We have also annotated the key enzyme genes, including auaG, hpt, rih, punA and deoD, which are involved in the biodegradation of UA and nucleosides. The results of nucleoside biodegradation product detection will be valuable for exploring the metabolic pathway for biodegrading nucleosides with YC03. These findings provide meaningful insights for the development of functional foods to improve hyperuricemia using B. paranthracis YC03.