Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 has been developed into a powerful molecular tool for genome engineering, and it has revolutionized the field of biomedical research. Despite the tremendous potential of CRISPR-Cas9 in biomedical research, precise control of CRISPR-Cas9 over the dose and exposure time is important to expand its applications. In this study, we fused Cas9 with a peptide termed small molecule-assisted shut-off (SMASh) consisting of a protease domain and a degron domain derived from hepatitis C virus (HCV). The presence of SMASh allows tight control of the Cas9 stability via a clinically approved HCV protease inhibitor asunaprevir (ASV). We showed that the engineered Cas9 responded to ASV administration and rapidly degraded in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cas9 degradation was reversible upon ASV removal that restored the gene editing activity. We also showed that limiting the level of Cas9 in cells increased the specificity of gene editing. The SMASh tag therefore provides an effective tool to control Cas9 stability, allowing an improvement in the accuracy, safety, and versatility of the CRISPR-Cas9 system for genome editing and gene regulation studies.