Background and purpose
Gastric pacemaker cells, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), are believed to initiate myogenic (non-neuronal) contractions. These become damaged in gastroparesis, associated with dysrhythmic electrical activity and nausea. We utilised mouse isolated stomach to model myogenic contractions and investigate their origin and actions of interstitial cells of Cajal modulators. Experimental approach: Intraluminal pressure was recorded following distension with a physiological volume; tone, contraction amplitude and frequency were quantified. Compounds were bath applied. Key
Purpose
Gastric pacemaker cells, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), are believed to initiate myogenic (non-neuronal) contractions. These become damaged in gastroparesis, associated with dysrhythmic electrical activity and nausea. We utilised mouse isolated stomach to model myogenic contractions and investigate their origin and actions of interstitial cells of Cajal modulators. Experimental approach: Intraluminal pressure was recorded following distension with a physiological volume; tone, contraction amplitude and frequency were quantified. Compounds were bath applied. Key
Results
The stomach exhibited regular large amplitude contractions (median amplitude 9.0 [4.7-14.8] cmH2 O, frequency 2.9 [2.5-3.4] c.p.m; n = 20), appearing to progress aborally. Tetrodotoxin (TTX, 10-6 M) had no effect on tone, frequency or amplitude but blocked responses to nerve stimulation. ω-conotoxin GVIA (10-7 M) ± TTX was without effect on baseline motility. In the presence of TTX, (1) atropine (10-10 -10-6 M) reduced contraction amplitude and frequency in a concentration-related manner (pIC50 7.5 ± 0.3 M for amplitude), (2) CaCC channel (previously ANO1) inhibitors MONNA and CaCCinh-A01 reduced contraction amplitude (significant at 10-5 , 10-4 M respectively) and frequency (significant at 10-5 M), and (3), neostigmine (10-5 M) evoked a large, variable, increase in contraction amplitude, reduced by atropine (10-8 -10-6 M) but unaffected (exploratory study) by the H1 receptor antagonist mepyramine (10-6 M). Conclusions and implications: The distended mouse stomach exhibited myogenic contractions, resistant to blockade of neural activity by TTX. In the presence of TTX, these contractions were prevented or reduced by compounds blocking interstitial cells of Cajal activity or by atropine and enhanced by neostigmine (antagonised by atropine), suggesting involvement of non-neuronal ACh in their regulation.