Abstract
BMP9 is a cytokine involved in the maturation phase of the angiogenic process that signals through its serine/threonine receptor ALK1 and its coreceptor endoglin. In this paper, we explain how BMP9 directs the regulation of endothelial cell proliferation blockage while in turn stimulating protein synthesis. To achieve this, BMP9 promotes SGK1 synthesis and activation through mTORC2 in order to stimulate the mTORC1/S6K/S6 axis. Moreover, BMP9 blocks proliferation also through SGK1 by reducing the activity of the MEK/ERK signalling pathway. Inhibition of SGK1 activity is sufficient to prevent BMP9-mediated inhibition of ERK, leading to an increase in endothelial cell proliferation. Overall, our findings reveal that SGK1 is a key player during angiogenesis, mediating the pro-quiescent and maturation effects of BMP9/ALK1.