Abstract
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor with adipogenic, insulin-sensitizing, and antifibrotic properties. Strong PPARγ activators, such as the thiazolidinediones, can induce unwanted effects such as edema, weight gain, and bone loss, and therefore selective modulators of PPARγ are in development. We previously reported that one selective PPARγ modulator, SR1664, reduced toxin-induced hepatic fibrosis and the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main collagen-producing liver cell in fibrosis. In this study, we used a high fat and high carbohydrate (HFHC) model of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis to determine the effect of SR1664. Mice were placed on a standard chow or HFHC diet for 16 weeks, with SR1664 or control treatment for the final 4 weeks. SR1664 did not alter weight gain or fasting insulin or glucose levels. The size of lipid droplets in the HFHC group was reduced by SR1664, but there was no effect on total liver triglyceride levels. The degree of fibrosis was significantly reduced by SR1664 in mice on the HFHC diet, and this was accompanied by a decrease in activated HSC. In summary, SR1664 improved insulin sensitivity and reduced fibrosis in the HFHC diet, suggesting selective PPARγ modulation is effective in obesity-related liver fibrosis.