Multifunctional copper-based metal-organic frameworks/chitosan derivative/exosome composite sponge for skin healing.

Traditional dressings face clinical challenges in skin wound healing, including inadequate infection control, poor regulation of inflammation, and insufficient angiogenesis. This study prepared a composite sponge (CuMOFs/CTMG/Exos) using copper-based metal-organic frameworks (CuMOFs), trimethylolpropane-modified chitosan derivatives (CTMGs), and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (hUMSC-Exos). The sponge has a three-dimensional porous structure and synergistically releases Cu(2+) and hUMSC-Exos continuously in vitro. It exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, promotes Cu(2+)-mediated angiogenesis, and possesses a strong antioxidant capacity. In a rat full-thickness skin-wound model, the sponge suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, and promoted angiogenesis and collagen deposition, offering an effective therapeutic approach for skin wound healing.