Raw and processed datasets on oxidative stress resistance, peroxide accumulation and fecundity in high-fat diet-fed Drosophila melanogaster subjected to α-lipoic acid and climbing interventions.

High-fat diet (HFD) feeding is commonly used to model metabolic stress and accelerated ageing in Drosophila melanogaster, where excess nutrient intake perturbs redox homeostasis and reduces physiological resilience. This data article describes comprehensive raw and processed datasets generated to quantify oxidative stress resistance, biochemical peroxide accumulation and reproductive output in HFD-fed flies subjected to α-lipoic acid (LA) supplementation, a structured climbing-based exercise regimen, or their combination. Flies were grouped by mating status (unmated and mated), sex and stage of adulthood (early, mid and late life) to capture physiological context-dependent variation. Oxidative stress resistance was assessed using an acute hydrogen peroxide challenge, with mortality recorded at 30-minute intervals until complete lethality. Biochemical oxidative levels were quantified using the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) assay, providing raw absorbance values, calculated peroxide concentrations and protein-normalised peroxide levels supported by hydrogen peroxide standard curves and protein estimation data. Reproductive output was assessed through daily egg counts recorded over five consecutive days, yielding fecundity datasets organised by replicate vials and day of oviposition. All datasets are provided with structured metadata enabling full traceability from raw measurements to processed values. Data are represented across treatment conditions, life stages, sex and mating status, with multiple biological replicates per group. These datasets are associated with a companion research article and are presented to support transparency, reproducibility, and reuse in ageing, redox biology, metabolic research and computational reanalysis.