Effects of hysteroscopic cold knife technique on the treatment of endometrial polyps and its protective effect on the endometrium.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of hysteroscopic cold knife technology in the treatment of endometrial polyps and its protective effect on the endometrium. METHODS: This retrospective study included 106 patients with endometrial polyps admitted to Jiashan County Second People's Hospital between January 2019 and August 2023. The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group based on their treatment model, with 53 cases in each. The control group was treated with hysteroscopic electrosurgery, and the observation group was treated with hysteroscopic cold knife technology. Perioperative conditions, inflammatory factor levels (C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6)), uterine artery resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), endometrial thickness, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels, the incidences of postoperative complications, and recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: In the observation group, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative vaginal bleeding duration, postoperative vaginal bleeding volume, hospital stays and hospital costs were (20.87±3.02) min, (19.84±2.63) mL, (2.45±0.38) d, (2.69±0.53) mL, (4.57±0.85) d, and (719.54±78.23) dollars, respectively, all of which were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.001). At 1 month postoperatively, serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the observation group were (4.21±0.32) mg/L, (45.04±4.62) ng/L, and (64.38±5.29) pg/m/L, respectively, all significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.001). At 3 months postoperatively, the RI, PI and endometrial thickness in the observation group were (0.68±0.13), (0.84±0.16), and (5.59±0.73) mm, respectively, all significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.001). At 3 months postoperatively, ER and PR were (1.68±0.21) U/L and (0.97±0.19) U/L in the observation group, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group. No statistically significant differences in complication rates were observed between the two groups. The recurrence rate in the observation group was 3.77%, which was lower than that in the control group. CONCLUSION: Hysteroscopic cold knife technology is an effective and minimally invasive treatment for endometrial polyps, with rapid postoperative recovery and protective effects on the endometrium.