Abstract
BACKGROUND: Transitioning from independent living to a residential care facility often results in a significant loss of independence, autonomy, and connectedness, leaving new residents with profound feelings of loss and grief. In light of these challenges, this study explored the potential benefits of a tailored in-house exercise program for new residents. METHODS: The study took place in an Australian residential care facility and included four new residents (aged 72 to 88, 75% female), who participated in a 12-week tailored exercise program led by an exercise physiologist. A focused ethnographic approach was used to obtain a comprehensive data set, drawing on ongoing observation, informal discussions during the program, and semi-structured interviews conducted at its conclusion. Field notes documenting participants’ interactions, moods, and responses, together with interview transcripts, were compiled into case files and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis. Rigorous coding and collaborative team discussions ensured a thorough and nuanced understanding of transitional experiences. RESULTS: The detailed accounts provided by new residents of the profound sense of loss they experienced during their transition offer essential context for understanding the value that exercise programs can provide in residential care settings. Insights from vignettes and thematic analysis show that participation in exercise helped residents regain control, independence, and competence, while also fostering social connection. Two key themes were identified underscoring the transformative role of exercise in supporting the well-being of new residents: (1) fostering empowerment, independence and well-being through exercise engagement, and (2) enhancing overall community and social connectedness via exercise. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that structured exercise programs are instrumental in helping older adults navigate their transition into residential care. By enhancing personal agency, independence, and overall well-being, and fostering a welcoming and friendly environment, an exercise program can assist new residents during their adjustment to supported residential care. Considering the transformative nature of exercise, future research should investigate the mechanisms through which exercise programs facilitate residents’ progression through the stages of transition, and if getting residents involved in exercise prior to moving can encourage earlier participation in exercise programs once they move into residential care. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-026-14012-4.