A Pilot Longitudinal Study on Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Tau Protein in Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has high a prevalence rate, high medical costs, and care difficulties, and has become a serious social and economic problem in our aging society. So far, there has not been a reliable and

The CSF level of T-tau and P-tau231 in the AD patients was significantly higher than that in the VD patients. The concentration of CSF P-tau231 in the moderate AD patients was significantly higher than that in the patients with severe AD. During the 6 months follow-up, the changes of the CSF concentrations of T-tau and P-tau231 between AD group and VD group were not statistically significant. 背景: 阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease，AD）患病 率高、医疗费用高、照料困难，已成为老龄化社会面 临的严重社会、经济问题。迄今，AD 的诊断尚无可靠 的客观诊断指标。近年来，国内外对AD 患者脑脊液 生物学标志物的研究甚多，AD 患者脑脊液T-tau、P-tau 升高已是不争的事实。但是，这些标志物与痴呆严重 程度以及随病程进展的关系还有待进一步深入研究。. 目标: 比较中重度阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease， AD）与血管性痴呆（vascular dementia，VD）患 者脑脊液（cerebrospinal fluid，CSF）总tau 蛋白（total tau，T-tau）和第231 位苏氨酸磷酸化tau 蛋白（P-tau231） 的基线浓度，随访6 个月，观察它们在AD 患者与对 照组之间的差异以及随病程进展的变化。. 方法: 基线期中度AD 患者11 例 （10 ≤ MMSE ≤ 20），重度AD 患者10 例（MMSE ≤ 9）以及年龄匹配 的重度VD 患者7 例，其中7 例AD 与6 例VD 完成了 6 个月的随访。用双抗体夹心ELISA 检测脑脊液T-tau, P-tau231 的浓度。. 结果: 基线期AD 组与VD 组患者CSF T-tau 的浓度分 别为470.08（263.58）pg/mL、208.76(42.24）pg/mL， 差异有统计学意义（Z= -3.369，p <0.001）；CSF P-tau231 的浓度分别为90.94 (49.86）pg/mL、42.96（13.10） pg/mL，差异有统计学意义（Z = -3.237，p <0.001）。 重度AD与重度VD 相比，CSF T-tau（Z= -2.830，p = 0.005）、 CSF P-tau231（Z = -2.392，p = 0.017）的浓度仍有统计学 差异，重度AD 患者 CSF T-tau、CSF P-tau231 的浓度比重 度VD 患者高。中度AD 患者CSF P-tau231（Z = -2.605， p = 0.009）的浓度显著高于重度AD 患者。6 个月随访 期间，两组患者脑脊液T-tau、P-tau231 浓度的变化均无 统计学意义。. 结论: AD患者脑脊液T-tau、P-tau231与VD相比显著升高。 中度AD 患者CSF P-tau231 显著高于重度AD 患者。6 个 月随访期间两组患者脑脊液T-tau、P-tau231 浓度的变化 均无统计学意义。.

There were 11 patients with moderate AD (10 ≤ MMSE ≤ 20), 10 patients with severe AD (MMSE ≤ 9), and 7 age-matched patients with severe VD at baseline, among which 7 AD patients and 6 VD patients completed the 6 months follow-up. CSF levels of T-tau, P-tau231 were measured with sandwich ELISA. Result: At baseline, the concentrations of the CSF level of T-tau were 470.08 (263.58) pg/mL in the AD group and 208.76 (42.24) pg/mL in the VD group. This difference was statistically significant (Z= -3.369, p <0.001). The concentrations of CSF level of P-tau231 were 90.94 (49.86) pg/mL in the AD group and 42.96 (13.10) pg/mL in the VD group. This difference was also statistically significant (Z = -3.237, p <0.001). Compared to patients with severe VD, the concentration of CSF T-tau in patients with severe AD was significantly higher (Z= -2.830, p = 0.005), as well as the concentration of CSF P-tau231 (Z = -2.392, p = 0.017). The concentration of CSF P-tau231 in the patients with moderate AD was significantly higher than that in the patients with severe VD (Z = -2.605, p = 0.009). At the 6 months follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences in the changes of CSF T-tau and CSF P-tau231 concentrations between the AD group and VD group.

Compare the CSF level of total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau at threonine 231 (P-tau231) between patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) and those with vascular dementia (VD) at baseline, and 6 month follow-up. Observe the differences between patients with AD and control group, as well as the changes as the disease develops.