Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the disease burden and risk factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in China in 2019, assessing trends from 1990 to 2019 to inform prevention and treatment.MethodsUtilizing the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Data, a descriptive analysis method was employed to analyze the disease burden and risk factors for NPC in China in 2019. Additionally, the disease burden of NPC in China from 1990 to 2019 was examined. The Joinpoint Regression Program was used to estimate the annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC).ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the number of new NPC cases in China increased from 47.49% to 62.57% of the global NPC cases, and the proportion of prevalence in China to the world rose from 45.29% to 70.81%. The total change rates of the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) globally and in China were 36.77% and 70.69%, respectively. The total change rates of the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) globally and in China were 115.34% and 232.52%, respectively. The increase in ASIR and ASPR in China was significantly higher than the global average. The decrease in age-standardized death rate, standardized disability-adjusted life years rate, and standardized years of life lost due to premature mortality rate in China was much more pronounced than globally. From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR and ASPR in China showed an upward trend, with AAPCs of 1.80% and 4.19%, respectively. Over the past 30 years, the incidence among young and middle-aged individuals in China has increased, indicating a trend toward younger age at onset. In all periods, the risk of incidence, prevalence, and death in males was significantly higher than in females.ConclusionIn summary, the disease burden of NPC in China remains significant. Therefore, continued attention and strengthening of risk factor control, along with strategies for early diagnosis and treatment, are essential.