Abstract
BACKGROUND: Forensic DNA typing has become widely accepted in criminal investigations, familial relationship testing, and identification. This process currently relies on the analysis of short tandem repeat (STR) markers. This is because DNA profiling serves as a highly effective means of identifying individuals on the basis of their distinct genetic characteristics. DNA evidence can also be utilized to clear innocent suspects of any wrongdoing. Recent technological advancements in DNA profiling, such as the implementation of statistical methods, have increased the precision of this tool in forensic investigations. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the forensic efficiency parameters of the D13S317 marker in closely related family members in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: To conduct this study, 87 blood samples were collected in EDTA tubes from various kebeles in Gondar town between October and December 2024. DNA was extracted via the salting-out method, and PCR amplification was performed with forward and reverse primers. After amplification, the PCR products were analyzed on a 1.8 % agarose gel and visualized with a gel documentation system. RESULTS: The discrimination power, random match probability, typical paternity index, polymorphism information content, and genetic diversity of the D13S317 marker were 0.77, 0.232, 0.5, 0.73 and 0.77, respectively. Five alleles were also confirmed, with the 192 bp allele exhibiting the highest frequency at 33 %, whereas the 176 bp allele had the lowest frequency at 5.7 %. CONCLUSION: The D13S317 marker has average discrimination power, making it a valuable tool for DNA profiling, paternity testing, and population genetics studies.